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eCFR 1039 子部分B 1039.101 发动机废气排放标准 临安科达认证技术咨询服务有限公司   时间:2021-05-10   点击:1349 次
本节的废气排放标准适用于2014年之后的车型。这些标准中的某些标准也适用于2014年及之前的型号。本节介绍在§1039.102和§1039.104的所有过渡和逐步进入条款到期后适用的全套排放标准。


§1039.101   What exhaust emission standardsmust my engines meet after the 2014 model year?

§1039.101 2014年之后的车型,我的发动机必须达到哪些废气排放标准?

The exhaust emission standards of this sectionapply after the 2014 model year. Certain of these standards also apply formodel year 2014 and earlier. This section presents the full set of emissionstandards that apply after all the transition and phase-in provisions of§1039.102 and §1039.104 expire. See §1039.102 and 40 CFR 89.112 for exhaustemission standards that apply to 2014 and earlier model years. Section 1039.105specifies smoke standards.

本节的废气排放标准适用于2014年之后的车型。这些标准中的某些标准也适用于2014年及之前的型号。本节介绍在§1039.102§1039.104的所有过渡和逐步进入条款到期后适用的全套排放标准。有关适用于2014年和早期型号年份的废气排放标准,请参见§1039.10240 CFR89.112。第1039.105节规定了烟雾标准。

(a) Emission standards for transient testing. Transientexhaust emissions from your engines may not exceed the applicable emissionstandards in Table 1 of this section. Measure emissions using the applicabletransient test procedures described in subpart F of this part. The followingengines are not subject to the transient standards in this paragraph (a):

a)瞬态测试的排放标准。发动机的瞬态废气排放量不得超过本节表1中适用的排放标准。使用本部分F部分中描述的适用瞬态测试程序测量排放。以下发动机不受本段(a)中的瞬态标准的约束:

(1) Engines above 560 kW.

1)发动机功率超过560千瓦。

(2) Constant-speed engines.

2)恒速发动机。

(b) Emissionstandards for steady-state testing. Steady-state exhaust emissionsfrom your engines may not exceed the applicable emission standards in Table 1of this section. Measure emissions using the applicable steady-state testprocedures described in subpart F of this part.

b)稳态测试的排放标准。发动机的稳态废气排放量不得超过本节表1中适用的排放标准。使用本部分F部分中描述的适用稳态测试程序测量排放。

Table 1 of §1039.101—Tier 4 Exhaust Emission Standards Afterthe 2014 Model Year, g/kW-hr1

§1039.101-1 Tier 4 2014年后车型的排放标准,g / kW-hr

Maximum  engine power

Application

PM

NOX

NMHC

NOX +  NMHC

CO

kW  <19

All

20.40



7.5

36.6

19 ≤kW  <56

All

0.03



4.7

45.0

56 ≤kW  <130

All

0.02

0.40

0.19


5.0

130 ≤kW  ≤560

All

0.02

0.40

0.19


3.5


Generator  sets

0.03

0.67

0.19


3.5

kW  >560

All  except generator sets

0.04

3.5

0.19


3.5

1Notethat some of these standards also apply for 2014 and earlier model years. Thistable presents the full set of emission standards that apply after all thetransition and phase-in provisions of §1039.102 expire.

请注意,其中一些标准也适用于2014年和之前的年份车型。该表列出了在§1039.102的所有过渡和逐步进入条款到期后适用的全套排放标准。

2Seeparagraph (c) of this section for provisions related to an optional PM standardfor certain engines below 8 kW.

有关低于8 kW的某些发动机的可选PM标准的规定,请参见本节(c)段。

3TheCO standard is 8.0 g/kW-hr for engines below 8 kW.

对于低于8kW的发动机,CO标准为8.0g/ kW-hr

4TheCO standard is 5.5 g/kW-hr for engines below 37 kW.

对于低于37 kW的发动机,CO标准为5.5g / kW-hr

(c) OptionalPM standard for engines below 8 kW. You may certify hand-startable,air-cooled, direct injection engines below 8 kW to an optional Tier 4 PMstandard of 0.60 g/kW-hr. The term hand-startable generally refers to enginesthat are started using a hand crank or pull cord. This PM standard applies toboth steady-state and transient testing, as described in paragraphs (a) and (b)of this section. Engines certified under this paragraph (c) may not be used togenerate PM or NOX + NMHC emission credits under the provisionsof subpart H of this part. These engines may use PM or NOX+ NMHCemission credits, subject to the FEL caps in paragraph (d)(1) of this section.

c)低于8千瓦的发动机的可选PM标准。您可以认证低于8 kW的手动启动,风冷,直喷发动机至0.60 g /kW-hr的可选Tier 4 PM标准。术语手动启动通常是指使用手摇曲柄或拉绳启动的发动机。该PM标准适用于稳态和瞬态测试,如本节(a)和(b)段所述。根据本段(c)认证的发动机不得用于根据本部分H部分的规定产生PMNOX +NMHC排放信用额。这些发动机可能使用PMNOX + NMHC排放额度,但须遵守本节(d)(1)中的FEL上限。

(d) Averaging,banking, and trading. You may generate or use emission credits underthe averaging, banking, and trading (ABT) program, as described in subpart H ofthis part. This requires that you specify a family emission limit (FEL) foreach pollutant you include in the ABT program for each engine family. TheseFELs serve as the emission standards for the engine family with respect to allrequired testing instead of the standards specified in paragraphs (a) and (b)of this section. The FELs determine the not-to-exceed standards for your enginefamily, as specified in paragraph (e) of this section.

d)平均,银行和交易。您可以在平均,银行和交易(ABT)计划下生成或使用排放配额,如本部分H部分所述。这要求您为每个发动机系列的ABT程序中包含的每种污染物指定系列排放限值(FEL)。这些FEL作为发动机系列的排放标准,用于所有要求的测试,而不是本节(a)和(b)中规定的标准。FEL确定您的发动机系列的标准,如本节(e)段所述。

(1) PrimaryFEL caps. The FEL may not be higher than the limits in Table 2 of thissection, except as allowed by paragraph (d)(2) of this section or by §1039.102:

1)主要FEL上限。FEL可能不高于本节表2中的限制,除非本节(d)(2)或第1039.102段允许,否则:

Table 2 of §1039.101—Tier 4 FEL Caps After the 2014 ModelYear, g/kW-hr

§1039.1012 Tier 4 FEL Caps2014年之后的车型,g / kW-hr

Maximum  engine power

Application

PM

NOX

NOX +  NMHC

kW  <19

All

0.80


19.5

19 ≤kW  <56

All

0.05


7.5

56 ≤kW  <130

All

0.04

0.80


130 ≤kW  ≤560

All

0.04

0.80


kW  >560

Generator  sets

0.05

1.07



All  except generator sets

0.07

6.2


1Forengines below 8 kW, the FEL cap is 10.5 g/kW-hr for NOX + NMHCemissions.

对于低于8 kW的发动机,对于NOX + NMHC排放,FEL上限为10.5 g / kW-hr

(2) Alternate FEL caps. For a givenpower category, you may use the alternate FEL caps shown in Table 3 of thissection instead of the FEL caps identified in paragraph (d)(1) of this sectionfor up to 5 percent of your U.S.-directed production volume in a given modelyear.

2)替代FEL caps。对于给定的电力类别,您可以使用本节表3中显示的备用FEL上限代替本节(d)(1)中确定的FEL上限,在给定型号年份中,最多可达美国指导生产量的5%。

Table 3 of §1039.101—Alternate FEL Caps, g/kW-hr

§1039.1013备用FEL Capsg / kW-hr

Maximum  engine power

Starting  model year1

PM FEL
cap

NOX FEL  cap

19 ≤kW  <56

22016

0.30


56 ≤kW  <130

2016

30.30

33.8

130 ≤kW  ≤560

2015

0.20

3.8

kW  >560

2019

0.10

43.5

1See§1039.104(g) for alternate FEL caps that apply in earlier model years.

有关适用于早期型号年份的备用FEL上限,请参见§1039.104g)。

2Formanufacturers certifying engines under Option #1 of Table 3 of §1039.102, thesealternate FEL caps apply starting with the 2017 model year.

对于§1039.1023选项#1下的发动机认证,这些备用FEL上限从2017年车型年开始适用。

3Forengines below 75 kW, the FEL caps are 0.40 g/kW-hr for PM emissions and 4.4g/kW-hr for NOX emissions.

对于低于75 kW的发动机,PM排放的FEL上限为0.40 g / kW-hrNOX排放为4.4 g / kW-hr

4Forengines above 560 kW, the provision for alternate NOX FEL capsis limited to generator-set engines. For example, if you produce 1,000generator-set engines above 560 kW in a given model year, up to 50 of them maybe certified to the alternate NOX FEL caps.

对于560 kW以上的发动机,替代NOX FEL caps的供应仅限于发电机组发动机。或者,如果您在给定型号年份生产1,000560 kW以上的发电机组发动机,则其中最多50个可以通过备用NOX FEL caps认证。

(e) Not-to-exceedstandards. Exhaust emissions from your engines may not exceed theapplicable not-to-exceed (NTE) standards in this paragraph (e).

e)不超过标准。发动机排放的废气不得超过本段(e)中适用的不超过(NTE)标准。

(1) Measure emissions using the proceduresdescribed in subpart F of this part.

1)使用本部分F部分描述的程序测量排放。

(2) Except as noted in paragraph (e)(7) of thissection, the NTE standard, rounded to the same number of decimal places as theapplicable standard in Table 1 of this section, is determined from thefollowing equation:

2)除本节(e)(7)段所述外,NTE标准四舍五入到与本节表1中适用标准相同的小数位数,由下列公式确定:

NTE standard for each pollutant = (STD) × (M)

每种污染物的NTE标准=STD×M

Where:其中:

STD = The standard specified for that pollutantin Table 1 of this section (or paragraph (c) of this section) if you certifywithout using ABT for that pollutant; or the FEL for that pollutant if youcertify using ABT.

STD =如果您未使用ABT证明该污染物,则为本节表1(或本节(c)段)中规定的污染物标准;或该污染物的FEL,如果您证明使用ABT

M = The NTE multiplier for that pollutant, asdefined in paragraph (e)(3) of this section.

M =该污染物的NTE乘数,如本节(e)(3)所定义。

(3) The NTEmultiplier for each pollutant is 1.25, except in the following cases:

3)每种污染物的NTE乘数为1.25,但下列情况除外:

If  .  .  .

Or  .  .  .

Then  .  .  .

(i) The  engine family is certified to a NOXstandard less than 2.50 g/kW-hr  without using ABT

发动机系列在不使用ABT的情况下通过了低于2.5 g/kW-hrNOX标准认证

The  engine family is certified to a NOX FEL less than 2.50  g/kW-hr or a NOX + NMHC FEL less than 2.70 g/kW-hr

该发动机系列的NOX FEL低于2.50g/kW-hrNOX + NMHC FEL低于g/kW-hr

The  multiplier for NOX, NMHC, and NOX + NMHC is 1.50.

NOXNMHCNOX + NMHC的乘数为1.50

(ii)  The engine family is certified to a PM standard  less than 0.07 g/kW-hr without using ABT

ii)在不使用ABT的情况下,发动机系列的PM标准低于0.07 g / kW-hr

The  engine family is certified to a PM FEL less than 0.07 g/kW-hr

该发动机系列的PM FEL低于0.07 g / kW-hr

The  multiplier for PM is 1.50.

PM的乘数是1.50

(4) There aretwo sets of specifications of ambient operating regions that will apply for allNTE testing of engines in an engine family. You must choose one set for eachengine family and must identify your choice of ambient operating regions ineach application for certification for an engine family. You may chooseseparately for each engine family. Choose one of the following ambientoperating regions:

4)环境操作区域有两套规范,适用于发动机系列中发动机的所有NTE测试。您必须为每个发动机系列选择一套,并且必须在每个应用中识别您选择的环境操作区域,以便为发动机系列进行认证。您可以为每个发动机系列单独选择。选择以下环境操作区域之一:

(i) All altitudes less than or equal to 5,500feet above sea level during all ambient temperature and humidity conditions.

i)在所有环境温度和湿度条件下,所有海拔高度均小于或等于海拔5,500英尺。

(ii) All altitudes less than or equal to 5,500feet above sea level, for temperatures less than or equal to the temperaturedetermined by the following equation at the specified altitude:

ii)所有低于或等于海拔5,500英尺的,温度低于或等于在指定海拔高度的由下列公式确定温度:

T = −0.00254 × A + 100

Where: 其中:

T = ambient air temperature in degreesFahrenheit.

T = 以华氏度为单位的环境空气温度。

A = altitude in feet above sea level (A isnegative for altitudes below sea level).

A = 海拔高度以英尺为单位(海拔低于A的海拔高度为负值)。

(5) Temperatureand humidity ranges for which correction factors are allowed are specified in40 CFR 86.1370-2007(e).

5)可接受的校正因子的温度和湿度范围在40 CFR86.1370-2007e)中规定。

(i) If you choose the ambient operating regionspecified in paragraph (e)(4)(i) of this section, the temperature and humidityranges for which correction factors are allowed are defined in 40 CFR86.1370-2007(e)(1).

i)如果选择本节(e)(4)(i)中规定的环境工作区域,允许校正系数的温度和湿度范围在40 CFR 86.1370-2007e)(1)中定义。

(ii) If you choose the ambient operating regionspecified in paragraph (e)(4)(ii) of this section, the temperature and humidityranges for which correction factors are allowed are defined in 40 CFR86.1370-2007(e)(2).

ii)如果选择本节(e)(4)(ii)中规定的环境工作区域,允许校正因子的温度和湿度范围在40 CFR 86.1370-2007e)(2)中定义。

(6) For engines equipped with exhaust-gasrecirculation, the NTE standards of this section do not apply during the coldoperating conditions specified in 40 CFR 86.1370-2007(f).

6)对于配备废气再循环的发动机,本节的NTE标准不适用于40 CFR 86.1370-2007f)规定的冷运行条件。

(7) For engines certified to a PM FEL less thanor equal to 0.01 g/kW-hr, the PM NTE standard is 0.02 g/kW-hr.

7)对于PM FEL小于或等于0.01g / kW-hr的发动机,PM NTE标准为0.02g / kW-hr

(f) Fueltypes. The exhaust emission standards in this section apply forengines using the fuel type on which the engines in the engine family aredesigned to operate, except for engines certified under §1039.615. For enginescertified under §1039.615, the standards of this section apply to emissionsmeasured using the specified test fuel. You must meet the numerical emissionstandards for NMHC in this section based on the following types of hydrocarbonemissions for engines powered by the following fuels:

f)燃料类型。本节中的废气排放标准适用于使用发动机系列中的发动机设计用于运行的燃料类型的发动机,但根据§1039.615认证的发动机除外。对于根据§1039.615认证的发动机,本节的标准适用于使用指定试验燃料测量的排放。您必须根据以下燃料驱动的发动机的以下类型的碳氢化合物排放,满足本节中NMHC的数值排放标准:

(1) Alcohol-fueled engines: THCE emissions.

1)以酒精为燃料的发动机:THCE排放。

(2) Gaseous-fueled engines: Nonmethane-nonethanehydrocarbon emissions.

2)气体燃料发动机:非甲烷 - 非乙烷碳氢化合物排放。

(3) Other engines: NMHC emissions.

3)其他发动机:NMHC排放。

(g) Usefullife. Your engines must meet the exhaust emission standards inparagraphs (a) through (e) of this section over their full useful life.

g)使用寿命。您的发动机在其整个使用寿命期间必须符合本节。

(1) The useful life values are shown in thefollowing table, except as allowed by paragraph (g)(2) of this section:

1)使用寿命值如下表所示,除非本节(g)(2)允许:

Table 4 of §1039.101—Useful Life Values

§1039.1014  - 使用寿命

If your  engine is certified as .  .  .

如果您的发动机被认证为...

And its  maximum power is .  .  .

它的最大功率是...

And its  rated speed is .  .  .

它的额定速度是...

Then  its useful life is .  .  .

然后它的使用寿命是...

(i) Variable  speed or constant speed

变速或恒速

kW  <19

Any  Speed

任何速度

3,000  hours or five years, whichever comes first.

3,000小时或五年,以先到者为准。

(ii)  Constant speed

恒速

19 ≤kW  <37

3,000  rpm or higher

3,000  hours or five years, whichever comes first.

3,000小时或五年,以先到者为准。

(iii)  Constant speed

恒速

19 ≤kW  <37

Less  than 3,000 rpm

5,000  hours or seven years, whichever comes first.

5,000小时或7年,以先到者为准。

(iv)  Variable

可变速度

19 ≤kW  <37

Any  Speed

任何速度

5,000  hours or seven years, whichever comes first.

5,000小时或7年,以先到者为准。

(v) Variable  speed or constant speed

可变速度或恒定速度

kW ≥37

Any  speed

任何速度

8,000  hours or ten years, whichever comes first.

8,000小时或十年,以先到者为准。

(2) You may request in your application forcertification that we approve a shorter useful life for an engine family. Wemay approve a shorter useful life, in hours of engine operation but not inyears, if we determine that these engines will rarely operate longer than theshorter useful life. If engines identical to those in the engine family havealready been produced and are in use, your demonstration must includedocumentation from such in-use engines. In other cases, your demonstration mustinclude an engineering analysis of information equivalent to such in-use data,such as data from research engines or similar engine models that are already inproduction. Your demonstration must also include any overhaul interval that yourecommend, any mechanical warranty that you offer for the engine or itscomponents, and any relevant customer design specifications. Your demonstrationmay include any other relevant information. The useful life value may not beshorter than any of the following:

2)您可以在申请中要求我们批准发动机系列的使用寿命较短的认证。如果我们确定这些发动机的运行时间很短,则使用寿命较短,我们可以在发动机运行数小时内批准更短的使用寿命,但不能在数年内使用。如果已经生产并且正在使用与发动机系列相同的发动机,则演示必须包括来自此类使用中发动机的文档。在其他情况下,您的演示必须包括对与此类使用中数据等效的信息的工程分析,例如来自研究引擎的数据或已在生产中的类似引擎模型。您的演示还必须包括您推荐的任何大修间隔,您为发动机或其组件提供的任何机械保修,以及任何相关的客户设计规范。您的演示可能包括任何其他相关信息。使用寿命值不得短于以下任何一项:

(i) 1,000 hours of operation.

i1,000小时的运作。

(ii) Your recommended overhaul interval.

ii)您推荐的大修间隔。

(iii) Your mechanical warranty for the engine.

iii)您对发动机的机械保修。

(h) Applicabilityfor testing. The emission standards in this subpart apply to alltesting, including certification, selective enforcement audits, and in-usetesting. For selective enforcement audits, we will require you to performduty-cycle testing as specified in §§1039.505 and 1039.510. The NTE standardsof this section apply for those tests. We will not direct you to do additionaltesting under a selective enforcement audit to show that your engines meet theNTE standards.

h)测试的适用性。本子部分的排放标准适用于所有测试,包括认证,选择性执行审核和使用中测试。对于选择性执行审核,我们将要求您执行§§1039.5051039.510中规定的占空比测试。本节的NTE标准适用于那些测试。我们不会指示您在选择性执行审核下进行额外测试,以证明您的发动机符合NTE标准。




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